A few of these meta-analyses would show a dosage-reaction dating ranging from BP decreasing and you may potassium consumption

Extreme BP minimizing with supplemental doses from potassium throughout http://www.datingranking.net/fr/rencontres-pansexuelles/ the range off 1900 so you can 4700 mg/d (49–122 mmol/d) might have been stated to result in BP decrease in up to dos so you’re able to six mm hg getting diastolic BP and you will 2 to 4 mm hg having systolic BP. new highest variability anywhere between abilities reflects new variability observed in some other studies. as well, the outcome regarding potassium with the BP are dependent on pretreatment BP level; age; race; sex; comorbid requirements; consumption out of sodium, magnesium, calcium supplements, and other ions; diet; exercise; weight; sort of potassium utilized; concomitant medicines; and you can time of use. a listing of brand new conclusions of all meta-analyses towards effects of potassium with the BP up until now is actually considering for the Figure 3.

Overview of meta-analyses regarding education investigating this new blood pressure-lowering negative effects of potassium. 25–twenty eight SBP implies systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure level.

Though conflicting abilities regarding the negative effects of potassium supplements with the BP was reported in clinical studies, 34, thirty five new examples possess displayed abilities in keeping with that the newest meta-analysis of the Whelton and you will associates twenty six (Dining table II). Gu and colleagues thirty six discovered that modest potassium supplementation (sixty mmol KCl) removed having twelve days triggered a decrease in systolic BP, but not diastolic BP, when you look at the a great Chinese society. Similarly, Kawano and you will associates 37 recorded you to definitely an excellent 4-day potassium supplementation months (when 64 mmol/d from potassium obtained as the sluggish-release KCl) lead to small but high decrease when you look at the workplace, family, and 24-hour BP inside the Japanese folks. Braschi and you will colleagues 38 subsequent examined the outcome out-of reasonable-dose potassium supplementation into the BP and discovered one to 24 mmol/d regarding slow-launch KCl given to have six weeks led to extreme reductions inside the mean arterial stress and you may diastolic BP inside the match volunteers.

Components for which Potassium Lowers BP

The fresh homeostasis of sodium and you may potassium performs a crucial role from inside the endothelium-founded vasodilatation. 39 Sodium retention reduces the synthesis of nitric oxide, an arteriolar vasodilator elaborated from the endothelial tissue, and you can escalates the plasma number of asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine, an enthusiastic endogenous substance away from nitric oxide creation. 40 a diet rich in potassium as well as develops for the serum potassium, actually for the physiologic range, cause endothelium-dependent vasodilatation by the hyperpolarizing the brand new endothelial mobile because of pleasure of your sodium pump and you will starting potassium avenues. 41 As well, other recommended systems wherein potassium is also dictate BP tend to be natriuresis, modulation out-of baroreceptor sensitivity, reduced vasoconstrictive sensitiveness to help you norepinephrine and you will angiotensin II, increased serum and urinary kallikrein, improved salt/potassium In the Pase craft, adjustment inside DNA synthesis, and you can expansion from inside the vascular easy muscle tissue and you will sympathetic neurological system structure. 42, 43

Diet Advice to possess Potassium

Maintaining an adequate intake of dietary potassium (>90 mmol [3500 mg]/d) has been recommended for the primary prevention of hypertension by the JNC 7.13 The Institute of Medicine has recommended a sodium intake <65 mmol/d (3.8 g/d) and an increase in potassium to 120 mmol/d. 44 In 2006, the American Heart Association issued new guidelines suggesting an increase in potassium intake to 120 mmol/d (4.7 g/d), which is the level provided in the DASH diets in which all food is supplied. 14 The Canadian Hypertension Society recommends that the daily dietary intake of potassium should be ?60 mmol, since this intake has been associated with a reduced risk of stroke-related mortality. 45, 46 The most recent European Society of Hypertension guidelines also support an increased potassium intake based on the DASH diet. 18 In addition, the 2003 World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension statement recommends a diet high in fruits and vegetables, a reduction of dietary sodium intake, and increased dietary potassium intake for reducing the incidence of hypertension. 16 Some sources of high-potassium, low-sodium foods are listed in Table III. 47